A National Perspective in Turkology Beyond Eurocentrism

Abstract

This article examines the historical significance of the First All-Union Turkological Congress held in Baku in 1926 and its impact on Kazakh linguistics, as well as issues related to alphabet reform and terminology. The study analyzes the scientific foundations of the congress decisions, the positions of Kazakh intellectuals, and the specific features of language reforms under the increasing influence of Soviet political ideology. In addition, the processes of introducing Arabic, Latin, and Cyrillic scripts are described from a historical-comparative perspective, and the continuity with the modern transition to the Latin script is identified. As a result, the relationship between the national approach of the early 20th century and the subsequent Eurocentric orientation is conceptually interpreted.