Common Vocabulary of the Kazakh and Nogai Languages: A Comparative-Historical Perspective

Abstract

The article considered the Kazakh and Nogai languages included in the Kipchak branch according to the classification of Turkic languages. A lexical and semantic analysis of common names in these languages was carried out and their own features were identified. In order to expand the scope of the comparative-historical direction of linguistics, our research is of great importance for the areas of semantics and etymology of Turkic languages. We note that the Nogai-Kazakh languages, which have been closely related to each other in the course of historical development, have similar grammatical and phonetic systems through language units. The lexical layer in the language of historical epic songs, such as the names of weapons, religious concepts, animal names, household items, some traditions and customs, etc., proves their proximity to each other. Today, under the influence of various historical and economic conditions and territorial distances, it is known that languages have moved away from each other. Studies have shown that they even adopted the features of other non-related languages. However, the nature of the Turkic languages with a single bottom has retained its foundation. These fundamental traits open us up to scientific research. Through common words in similar languages, the nature of languages is revealed, and through hidden language information in the depths, we can enrich the resources of today’s language industry.