Harmony of Spirit and Word: The Unity of Turkic Concepts in the Works of Magzhan, Abai, and Yusuf Balasaguni

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive examination of the system of Turkic concepts in the works of the prominent early twentieth-century poet Magzhan Zhumabayev. The study explores the semantic layers of notions such as “Sun,” “Motherland,” “Unity,” “Bravery,” “Ancestor Spirit (Aruaq),” and “Tengri” in his poetry, analyzing their role and function within the historical memory and national worldview of the Kazakh people. These concepts are interpreted not merely as linguistic devices but as artistic-cognitive units that embody the spiritual essence of the people. Magzhan Zhumabayev is regarded not only as a continuer of Turkic spiritual heritage but also as a poet who adapted it to the demands of modernity, endowing Kazakh literature with profound philosophical depth. Through the concepts of “Tengri” and “Ancestor Spirit (Aruaq), his poetry reflects mythopoetic and epic dimensions, while simultaneously articulating historical and existential insights. The article compares these concepts in Magzhan’s works with those found in the writings of Abai Qunanbaiuly and Yusuf Balasaguni, thereby highlighting the continuity of Turkic worldview and artistic tradition. Furthermore, issues of national character, folkloric traditions, cultural codes, and historical consciousness in the poet’s lyrics are addressed. The linguistic artistry, metaphorical imagery, and poetic structure of Magzhan’s works are also given due consideration. Through his poetry, the renewal of national consciousness and ideas is vividly expressed, underscoring his significant place in Kazakh literature.